Raj Rani Makhana is a distinguished variety of aquatic fox nut cultivated specifically in the Mithila region, which spans parts of Bihar in India and Nepal. In Mithila, Makhana is locally known as “Makhaan” and holds significant cultural and economic importance.

It is one of the three important cultural symbols of the region, alongside pond and fish, encapsulated in the saying “पग-पग पोखर, माछ, मखान” (Pag-pag Pokhar, Machh, Makhana), which translates to “Every step has a pond, fish, and Makhana.” This saying reflects the deep connection between the region’s people and their environment, emphasizing the importance of these elements in their daily lives. Mithila Makhana is prominently featured during cultural and religious festivities.

The Gorgon nut, scientifically known as Euryale ferox and commonly called Fox Nut or Makhana, is a highly valued aquatic crop, in India the Mithila region of Bihar is the largest producer.

It is mostly marketed in the form of popped seeds, popularly known as Makhana Lawa, which are consumed as a healthy snack and used in various culinary preparations.

The crop grows in ponds and waterlogged wetlands, and seeds are harvested from mature pods floating on the water surface. Over time, Makhana has gained remarkable popularity not only in India but also across global markets.

This global recognition is largely due to its unique nutty flavour, crunchy texture, and high nutritional value, which make it an ideal healthy snack.